2021-2022

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External Explanation of Cognitive Control in Prefrontal Cortex and Dopamine Relation

Behaviors are occurring with the activity of neurons, the interaction between the brain’s output and impute systems. Some animals have bigger brains, so their behaviors and alternatives are more flexible. Having these kinds of flexibility is not always giving a pure advantage to an organism1. Having a large scale of information gathered from the outside

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Balıklar Neden Donmuyorlar?

Sıcaklık sıfırın altına indiğinde suyun donduğu gerçeğini hepimiz biliriz. Tüm organizmalarda da tıpkı vücudumuzda olduğu gibi belirli bir oranda su bulunur. Peki, soğuk ortamlarda yaşayan canlılar neden donmazlar? Spesifik olarak soracak olursak Antarktika gibi buzullarla kaplı sularda balıklar nasıl yaşarlar? Bu yazımda sizlere antifriz proteinler (AFP’ler) hakkında bilgiler vererek özellikle balıkların soğuk ortamlara adaptasyonuna ışık

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Reactive Oxygen Species and Lipid Peroxidation

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive compounds, which is making them very dangerous in certain situations. They are mostly formed from O2 molecules in the mitochondrial electron transport chain1. When O2 molecules become reactive species, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or superoxide (O2–), they might be counted as stable compounds. Unfortunately, they might become

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